Archive for Januari 2011
GAINING ATTENTION
SPONGEBOB SQUAREPANTS !!!
Salah satu cartoon animasi yang paling menarik menurut saya adalah yang satu ini !!!
Ceritanya yang lucu dan juga sii Spongebob yang kadang aneh dan idiot pasti banyak menarik perhatian penonton khususnya anak-anak...
OK,,,sekarang kita langsung aja masuk ke pelajaran kita yang selanjutnya,,,, yaitu "GAINING ATTENTION"
Gaining Attention is a way of expression that is spoken so that other people will pay their attention to what we want to.
Here are some expressions of Gaining Attention :
· Attention, please!
· May I have your attention, please?
· Excuse me, look here !!
· Listen to me, please
· Waiter !!!
· I’m sorry, but…
· Wow really !!??
· Look at the board, please?
· Hello !! Can you quiet?
PAST TENSE
Hmmmm,,,selama masa pendidikanku sampai saat ini yang kuingat dari past tense adalah tenses ini merupakan tenses bentuk lampau...!!! bener gak???
Buat teman-teman yang masih belum ngerti tentang past tense,,,yoo kita belajar sama-sama !!!
N buat teman-teman yang udah paham betul tentang past tense,,,jangan lupa berbagi pengetahuannya yaa!!!
Simple past is formed for regular verbs by adding –ed to the root of a word. In other word, simple past is used for describing acts that have already been concluded and whose exact time of occurrence is known. Furthermore, simple past is use for retelling successive events. That is why it is commonly used in storytelling.
Simple past tense is a kind of tense which is used to describe an event or action that happened already in a certain time in the past.
The pattern:
- Using be
(+) S+was/were+complement
(-) S+was/were not+complement
(?) was/were+S+complement?
- Using verbs
(+) S+verb II+complement
(-) S+did not+verb I+complement
(?) did+S+verb I?
Examples:
- Using be
(+) I was a student.
(-) I was not a student.
(?) Was I a student?
- Using verbs
(+) I went to Tahai Lake yesterday.
(-) I did not go to Tahai Lake yesterday.
(?) Did I go yesterday?
Adverbs used:
- Yesterday
- Last night
- Last week
- Two days ago
- A few minutes ago
- Last weekend
- Last month
- Last year
Simple past tense is a kind of tense which is used to describe an event or action that happened already in a certain time in the past.
The pattern:
- Using be
(+) S+was/were+complement
(-) S+was/were not+complement
(?) was/were+S+complement?
- Using verbs
(+) S+verb II+complement
(-) S+did not+verb I+complement
(?) did+S+verb I?
Examples:
- Using be
(+) I was a student.
(-) I was not a student.
(?) Was I a student?
- Using verbs
(+) I went to Tahai Lake yesterday.
(-) I did not go to Tahai Lake yesterday.
(?) Did I go yesterday?
Adverbs used:
- Yesterday
- Last night
- Last week
- Two days ago
- A few minutes ago
- Last weekend
- Last month
- Last year
The functions of the simple past :
1. To express that an action started and finished at a specific time in the past.
2. To describe a habit which stopped in the past. To make it clear that we are talking about a habit, we often add expressions such as: always, often, usually, never, when I was a child, when I was a younger, etc.
3. To describe past facts or generalizations which are no longer true.
Past continuous tense is a kind of tense that is used to describe an event or an action which was happening in a certain time in the past.
The pattern:
(+) S+was/were+verb-ing+complement
(-) S+was not/were not+complement
(?) was/were+S+verb-ing+complement?
Examples:
(+) He was writing a letter at eight o’clock last night.
(-) He was not writing a letter at eight o’clock last night.
(?) Were you writing a letter at eight o’clock last night?
Adverbs used:
- At the time like this yesterday
- At seven o’clock last night
- All day yesterday
2. To describe a habit which stopped in the past. To make it clear that we are talking about a habit, we often add expressions such as: always, often, usually, never, when I was a child, when I was a younger, etc.
3. To describe past facts or generalizations which are no longer true.
Past continuous tense is a kind of tense that is used to describe an event or an action which was happening in a certain time in the past.
The pattern:
(+) S+was/were+verb-ing+complement
(-) S+was not/were not+complement
(?) was/were+S+verb-ing+complement?
Examples:
(+) He was writing a letter at eight o’clock last night.
(-) He was not writing a letter at eight o’clock last night.
(?) Were you writing a letter at eight o’clock last night?
Adverbs used:
- At the time like this yesterday
- At seven o’clock last night
- All day yesterday
PERFECT TENSE
Perfect tense is used for describing a past action’s effect on the present.
The pattern of present perfect tense
(+) S+have/has+verb 3 (been) +object
(-) S+have/has+not+verb 3+object
(?) Have/has+S+verb 3+object
(+) S+have/has+verb 3 (been) +object
(-) S+have/has+not+verb 3+object
(?) Have/has+S+verb 3+object
Examples:
(+) I have been in Bandung before.
(-) I have not learn English since three years ago.
(?) Has he awoke from his bed?
(+) I have been in Bandung before.
(-) I have not learn English since three years ago.
(?) Has he awoke from his bed?
Adverbs used:
- Once
- Once
- This week
- Twice
- Since Monday
- Lately
- Many times
- Since Monday
- Lately
- Many times
Past perfect tense is a kind of tense that is used t describe an action or an event that started in a certain time in the past and completed or finished till certain time in the past too.
(+) S+had+verb 3+complement
(-) S+had not+verb 3+complement
(?) Had+S+verb 3+complement
Examples:
(+) They had been at school before at 07.00a.m.
(-) I had not slept for a this when I met my cousin.
(?) Had he studied music for a year when I began it?
Adverbs used:
- One
- Twice
- From 1995 to 2000
Future perfect tense is used to describe an action or events that started in the past and finished at the future.
The pattern:
(+) S+shall/will+have+verb 1 (been) +…
(-) S+shall/will+not+have+verb 1(been)+…
(?) Shall/will+have+verb 1 (been)+…
Examples:
(+) We shall have arrived at Cilacap by Monday.
(-) They will not have been at school by the end of this week.
(?) Will you have been a police by next year?
Adverbs used:
- By Sunday
- By next year
- By next month
- By the end of this week
- By the end of this month
NARRATIVE TEXT
Naaaaa,,,,,, kalo udah ngeliat gambar ini, pasti semua pada tau...!!!
Ini adalah sebuah cerita, atau bisa dibilang dongeng yang berjudul "SNOW WHITE".
Mengapa gambar ini saya pajang dalam materi NARRATTIVE TEXT ???
Itu karena cerita SNOW WHITE merupakan cerita yang menggunakan imajinasi atau khayalan, yang merupakan salah satu ciri NARRATIVE TEXT...
Supaya lebih jelas lagi,,,mari kita pahami bersama apa yang dimaksud dengan Narrative Text beserta struktur-struktur yang ada di dalamnya...!!!
Narrative text is a text that tells about fairy tales, fables, myths, tall tales, and etc. The purpose of narrative text is to amuse the readers with actual or imaginary experiences in difference ways. Narratives always deal with some problems which lead to the climax and then turn into a solution to the problem.
1. Orientation (it sets the scene end introduces the participants. It answers the questions; who, what, when , where)
2. Complication (a crisis or a problem arises followed by other problems. It usually involves the main characters)
3. Resolution (a solution to the problem for better or worse. Main characters find a way to solve the problem)
Other generic structures of narrative text:
1. Evaluation: (optional) a step back to evaluate the plight (the narrator’s viewpoint)
2. Coda: (optional) changes of the characters or lesson /value of the story
3. Re-orientation: (optional)
Languages features:
• The use of nun phrases
(e.g.: a beautiful princess, a huge temple)
• The use of connectives
(e.g.: first, before, that, then, finally)
• The use of adverbial phrases of time and place
(e.g.: in the garden, two days ago)
• The use of the simple past tense
(e.g.: he walked away form the village)
• The use of action verbs
(e.g.: walk, sleep, and wake up)
• The use of saying verbs
(e.g.: say, tell, ask)
• The use of thinking verbs feeling verbs, verbs of senses
(e.g.: she felt hungry, she thought she was clever, she smelt something burning)
• Adjectives that formed noun phrases
(e.g.: long black hair, two red apples)
SYMPATHY EXPRESSIONS
Masing - masing orang tentunya punya kehidupan yang berbeda-beda.
Banyak dari kita yang pastinya mempunyai masa kecil yang bahagia dan menyenangkan bersama orang tua, bersama keluarga dan sanak saudara, dan mungkin menghabiskan waktu untuk bermain bersama teman-teman sebaya kita.
Tapi...apa yang kita rasakan jika melihat foto ini ???
Tentunya rasa "simpati" atas kehidupan anak-anak yang terlantar seperti pada gambar tersebut.
What is Sympathy Expressions ?
Sympathy expression is an expression or feeling of pity and sorrow when we know and see someone or people are unlucky or have trouble and in bad condition.By expressing sympathy we want to show our concern or carefulness on other people’s condition.How can we give sympathy expression to someone?
We express it directly to him/her orally or we can use a letter or card (post), also by Short Message Service ( SMS), E-Mail, television, radio and newspaper if he/she got the trouble is far from us.
Several expressions of sympathy :
1. I’d like to express my deepest condolences
2. I’m sorry to hear that
3. I’m awfuly sorry about…
4. Ow, how awful!!
5. Oh, dear !!
6. You must be very upset
7. Oh, what ashame
8. How pity you are!
9. How terrible/awful for you…
ANNOUNCEMENT
The kinds of announcement
Based on the using of language and the announcement comes from,
There are two kinds of announcement:
1. Formal announcement
Formal announcement is a kind of announcement that use formal language, usually this announcement is an announcement from office, and others.
2. Informal announcement
Informal announcement is a kind of announcement that use informal/daily language, usually this announcement is from personal, and others.
Based on the way to make,
There are two kinds of announcement:
1. Written announcement
Written announcement is a kind of announcement that is made by written
2. Oral announcement
Oral announcement is a kind of announcement that is directly said by the announcer.
Generally, the characteristics of an announcement are :
- Using language that simple, clear, and easy to understand by another people who read, hear or see it.
- In writing an announcement, include the following points :
1. The title of the announcement
2. The type of the announcement
3. The date of the announcement
4. The time of the announcement
5. The place of the announcement
6. Who to contact for the announcement
An announcement usually placed on:
- A public area
- Wall
- Announcement board, and others