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NOUN PHRASE

Teman-teman udah pada tau nggak Noun Phrase itu apa'an??? kalo nggak salah nih yaa Noun Phrase itu yang seperti : "A beautiful girl", a handsome boy"...
Apa sih maksudnya??? Langsung aja,,,"Noun Phrase" siap disantapp!!!

A noun phrase is other a single noun or any group of words containing noun or a pronoun that function together as a noun or pronoun, as the subject or object of averb.

For example, ‘they’ , ‘books’, and ‘the books’, are noun phrases, but ‘book’ is just a noun, as you can see in these sentences (in which the noun phrases are all in bold)

- Structure of Noun Phrases:
• A beautiful old painting on the wall

When you use a noun in front of another noun, you never put adjectives between them, you put adjectives in front of the first noun.
Example : We just spoke with a young American boy

Noun phrase can be in form of gerund (base + ing) or gerund and other nouns compounding.
Example : Passing the exam watching TV

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Gratitude, Compliment and Congratulation


Nhaa,,,"Gratitude","Compliment",and "Congratulation" tanpa kita sadari, pasti kita sering banget pake kalimat ini. Khususnya buat ngucapin terima kasih, ngucapin selamat buat teman-teman kita, dan juga untuk ngasih pujian buat seseorang. Yuuk kita pelajari lebih lanjutt !!!

Gratitude is also called thanking.
We say “thank you” when people give us something, help we do something, give a compliment, wish us something, etc.
Expressing gratitude:
 I should like to express my gratitude
 Thank you very much
 Thanks for your help
 How can I thank you?
 I’m very grateful to you
 I can’t thank you enough
 I’m very much obliged to you.
Responding:
 It was the least I could do
 You’re welcome
 No big deal
 Don’t mention it
 It’s a pleasure
 That’s all right
 Any time

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Surprises and Disbeliefs

Kalo misalnya teman-teman dapat hadiah dari seseorang secara ngga sengaja, ekspresi apa yang bakal teman-teman tunjukin???
jawaban :pastinya "Expression Surprise"
Atau kalo teman-teman dapat kabar yang sama sekali ngga disangka-sangka, ekspresi apa juga yang bakal teman-teman tunjukin buat ngeresponnya???
jawaban : "Expression Disbeliefs"
Nhaa...untuk menjawab pertanyaan di atas, simaklah uraian berikut ini !!!
Expression surprise is expression which someone when get a surprise.
Surprise can have valence. It can be neutral expression, pleasant or accordingly some would not categories surprise in itself as an emotion or every human.
Expressing surprise
• Here are some other expressions to show surprise.
Telling surprising news
 Guess what!
 Surprise!
 I’ve got news, for you
 Do you know what?
 You won’t believe it!

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PREPOSITIONS IN, ON, AT.

A preposition is a word or groups of words used before a noun or a pronoun to show place, position, time or method.
 Preposition in usage with periods of times and places.
Examples:
• Months = in April
• Seasons = in winter
• Country = in Greece
• City or town names = in New York
• Times of the day = in the morning, afternoon, or evening.
Exception: at noon, at night
 Preposition on usage with specific days.
Examples: on Friday, on New Year’s Day, on April 16
Note: American English = ‘on the weekend’ or on ‘weekends’
 Preposition at usage with specific times and specific places.
Examples: at 7 o’clock, at 6.15, at night, at school
Note: British English = ‘at the weekend’ or ‘at weekends’

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INTRODUCTORY “IT”

In this pattern, it has no meaning. It is used only to fill the subject position in the sentence. Thus, it is called introductory “it”.
Introductory “it” can fill the position both of the subject and object.
Introductory “it” as a subject:


To watch musical programs is pleasant.
IT IS PLEASANT TO WATCH MUSICAL PROGRAM.


To play football must be fun.
IT IS FUN TO PLAY FOOTBALL.

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DESCRIPTIVE TEXT


Descriptive is to describe a particular person, place, thing or event. It consist of identification and description.
• Identification : identifies the phenomenon to be describe.
• Description : describe parts, qualities and the characteristics of the person, place, thing or event to be describe.
Grammatical Features:
▪ Who? What?
▪ Using Linking verb and Simple Present Tense
▪ Epithet: adjective or adjective phrase
▪ Attributive (the)
▪ Use of attributive and identifying process
▪ Focus on specific participants
▪ Frequent use of epithets and classifier in nominal groups


Example of Descriptive Text:

My Pets
We have three family pets: a dog, a cat, and a tortoise.
The dog’s name is Benjamin. He is big golden Labrador. He is beautiful. He has big brown eyes and a long tail. He is very friendly dog, but he is sometimes a little stupid. Dogs are expensive to keep but they are fun to play with.
Our cat is named Martha. She is quite young, but she is not a kitten. She is very pretty. She has black and white fur and green eyes. She’s smart, too and very clean.
The tortoise’s name is Rocky. He has short, fat legs, a long neck, and a very hard shell. He is also very old and slow. He’s ugly and dirty, but I like him.

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FINITE VERB

Do you know "FINITE VERB ?"...

A finite verb is a verb that is inflected for person and for tense according to the rules and categories of the languages in which it occurs. Finite verbs can form independent clauses, which can stand by their own as complete sentences.
Every grammatically correct sentence or clause must contain a finite verb; sentence fragments not containing finite verbs are described as phrases.
Some interjections can play the same role. Even in English, a sentence like Thanks for your help! has an interjection where it could have a subject and a finite verb form (compare I appreciate your help!).
In English, as in most related languages, only verbs in certain moods are finite. These include:
• the indicative mood (expressing a state of affairs); e.g., "The bulldozer demolished the restaurant," "The leaves were yellow and stiff."
• the imperative mood (giving a command).
• the subjunctive mood (expressing something that might or might not be the state of affairs, depending on some other part of the sentence); nearly extinct in English.
A verb is a word that expresses an occurrence, act, or mode of being. Finite verbs, sometimes called main verbs, are limited by time (see tense), person, and number.
The finite verbs are highlighted in the following sentences:
The bear caught a salmon in the stream.
Who ate the pie?
Stop!


A nonfinite verb form - such as a participle, infinitive, or gerund - is not limited by by time (see tense), person, and number.
Verb forms that are not finite include:
• the infinitive
• participles (e.g., "The broken window...", "The wheezing gentleman...")
• gerunds and gerundives
In linguistics, a non-finite verb (or a verbal) is a verb form that is not limited by a subject; and more generally, it is not fully inflected by categories that are marked inflectionally in language, such as tense, aspect, mood, number, gender, and person. As a result, a non-finite verb cannot generally serve as the main verb in an independent clause; rather, it heads a non-finite clause.
By some accounts, a non-finite verb acts simultaneously as a verb and as another part of speech; it can take adverbs and certain kinds of verb arguments, producing a verbal phrase (i.e., non-finite clause), and this phrase then plays a different role — usually noun, adjective, or adverb — in a greater clause. This is the reason for the term verbal; non-finite verbs have traditionally been classified as verbal nouns, verbal adjectives, or verbal adverbs.
English has three kinds of verbals: participles, which function as adjectives; gerunds, which function as nouns; and infinitives, which have noun-like, adjective-like, and adverb-like functions. Each of these is also used in various common constructs; for example, the past participle is used in forming the perfect aspect (to have done).
Other kinds of verbals, such as supines and gerundives, exist in other languages.
Example:
The finite verbs are the underlined words.
The Crow and the Fox
One day a crow finds a tasty piece of cheese. She picks it up, flaps her wings, and flies to a high branch of a tree to eat it.
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